Bihar Museum has a wide-ranging and significant coin collection – some 30,000 coins that range across the time of Pataliputra to the modern era including 500 gold coins. The Coin Gallery highlights the best of this collection.

The Museum is home to many fine bronze images, many which date from the post-Gupta era (6th-9th centuries). The oldest image reportedly dates from the Sunga period (ascendant after the fall of the Mauryan Empire, ca. 185 B.C.E.). As with stone sculpture, most of the subject matter is religious in nature, but the difference here is the relatively larger number of Jain images. (An excellent Mahivira image is on display on the second floor, along with other Jain tirthankaras) The Jain images are dated based on prior cataloguing as mostly from the Kushana and the early Gupta period. Bronze sculptures are much smaller than the stone sculptures, with a good deal of small bronze figurines in the collection.

The visual art collection consists of Rajasthani miniatures, miniatures of the Patna school and the Delhi school. Most date from the modern era (18th-19th centuries) as select Daniell Prints on display at the Historical Art Gallery.

A collection of 37 Tibetan thangkas, date from the 15th to the 20th centuries, including one for every Dalai Lama of the period. These are interesting and significant, and are specially housed. Selections are displayed in the Buddhist Art of the Historical Art Gallery.

The Museum has small textile and costume collection not related to Bihar and select Tibetan costumes. These are limited to the recent period (19th and 20th centuries).